Longitudinal studies are needed to examine the causal relationship of the existence of AIDS-related stigma and discrimination with mental health of PLHIV. Finally, findings from this study may be limited by the questionnaire survey measures that can lead to social desirability biases. Despite these limitations, we believe that findings from this study carry important implications for health policies and intervention services for improving health and quality of life of PLHIV in iCRT 14 Cambodia. The significant relationship of AIDS-related stigma and discrimination with mental disorders indicates a need for community-based interventions to reduce stigma and discrimination in the general public and to help PLHIV to cope with these stressful IPTG situations. A review of strategies for stigma reduction suggest promising results of legal protection, provision of ART, and introduction of quality HIV care in reducing public fear of HIV. The 2009 influenza A pandemic provoked large-scale public health responses and implementation of pandemic preparedness plans throughout the world. Clinical trials have shown that neuraminidase inhibitors, a class of antiviral drugs including oseltamivir and zanamivir, are efficacious in lowering morbidity related to influenza, reducing both the duration of symptoms from influenza and the overall severity of the illness. Furthermore, modeling studies suggest that treatment of symptomatic individuals with antivirals during a pandemic can reduce the overall disease attack rate and lessen the overall scope of local epidemics. These results prompted public health organizations, such as the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to recommend antiviral drug treatment of influenza in the event of a pandemic. As such, many WHO Member States ordered and distributed significant amounts of NAIs in order to treat and control the spread of influenza. Whether that use of NAIs had a meaningful impact on influenza mortality during the pandemic is currently being explored. In general, a recent meta-analysis of observational studies of influenza treatment outside of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic indicated that, on an individual level, there is low-quality, but supportive evidence, that treatment with antivirals, and particularly within 48 hours of symptom onset, is associated with improved survival. During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, patients in the United Kingdom treated with antivirals before being admitted to the hospital were 50% less likely to die in the hospital and were also less likely to require admission to the intensive care unit. Additionally, hospitalized patients with confirmed influenza in New York City who survived were more likely to have received oseltamivir within 48 hours of hospitalization than those who died.