This discrepancy may reflect different sensitivity of the rosette inhibition and rosette disruption assay or intrinsic features of the adhesins, in particular different domain organization as well as different cytoadherence properties. IT4-R19 parasites form rosettes by binding to CR1 but also bind to brain endothelial cells and were reported to bind to CSA as well. In contrast, PaloAl to VarO parasites appear to present a single cytoadherence phenotype rosette formation, which involves binding to the abundant ABO blood group antigen on uninfected RBCs and VarO-iRBC forming giant rosettes but do not bind to an array of endothelial receptors. Whether these differences Z-LEHD-FMK involve a different spatial organisation of the various PfEMP1 domains on the parasite surface Nevirapine requires further studies. Cross-reactivity of the anti-eDBL1 antibodies and no known shared functionality. Cross-reactivity was unidirectional as the anti-bDBL2 antibodies failed to react with both eDBL1 and bDBL1,suggesting that it is a property of DBL1-derived immunogens. Immunoblots indicated that anti-eDBL1 antibodies cross-reacted with the eDBL2 recombinant domain itself and not with putative contaminating molecule.The rabbit antibodies raised against bDBL1 presented a different, faint immunoblot cross-reactive profile to the pCIDR and DBL5 domains. This suggests possible recognition of similar epitopes displayed by different domains. Cross-reactivity between domains of different types has been observed previously in the case of PfEMP1-IT4 Var9R29, as DBL4�� antibodies bound with high efficiency the NTS-DBL1�� domain. We confirm here that antibodies reacting with iRBC surface are readily and consistently produced in animals immunised with the DBL1 or Head domains from rosette-forming variants. This differs from reports concerning PfEMP1-Var2CSA indicating substantial inter-animal variability and poor relationship between receptor-binding capacity, induction of surface-reacting antibodies and induction of functionally active, adhesion inhibitory antibodies.