These muscles, if actively contracted, increase the contractility of the pelvic floor muscles. Furthermore, contraction of the pelvic floor musculature inhibits the activity of the detrusor urinae muscle. Contraction of the detrusor is needed for urination, consequently increased activity of the pelvic floor musculature negatively influences urodynamics. Besides muscle contraction, urination in the sitting PD-156707 position is also associated with defecation. During sitting and especially during defecation, the intra-abdominal pressure rises, influencing urodynamics. Furthermore, innervation of the anal sphincter and the pelvic floor musculature both arise from the sacral plexus. It is suggested that the contraction of the anal sphincter is associated with an increased activity of the pelvic floor muscles due to this common innervation. The desire not to lose defecation or flatus in standing position, especially in public conveniences, can thus lead to increased activity of the pelvic floor musculature and consequently impaired micturition. The urodynamic profile of LUTS patients is one of decreased Qmax and increased TQ and PVR, a pattern that is known to increase the risk of certain urological complications, e.g. cystitis and bladder stones. We found a decrease in PVR and TQ, while Qmax was increased in the sitting position. Extrapolating this trend, the alleviation of this impaired urodynamic profile in this group may possibly reduce complaints as well as the incidence of cystitis and bladder stones. The increase in maximum urinary flow rate of 1.23 ml/s may seem low. However, compared to existing medical treatments of LUTS, the increase is SC-57461A relevant despite not reaching statistical significance. A metaanalysis of the efficacy of four alpha-1 blockers found an increase in Qmax by 1.32 ml/sec. We did not find meta-analyses on the influence of these pharmaceutics on TQ or PVR. It is intriguing that the effect of changing to a sitting voiding posture �C a simple intervention without any serious side effects �C approaches the effect of conventional pharmacological treatment of LUTS.