In our previous study, Poly-block-poly scaffolds with precise hierarchical pore architectures were fabricated using injection molding combined with thermally induced phase separation. In the present study, the PCLA scaffolds were fabricated first, and then NT-3 was immobilized within the scaffolds by coating the scaffold with a solution of SF and NT-3. NSCs were cultured in vitro, and their differentiation into neural cells was measured after seeding on the NT-3immobilized membranes. A rat spinal cord transection model was utilized to evaluate the efficacy of the NT-3 immobilized conduit with the adhered NSCs in vivo. NSCs-based transplantation therapy is currently considered a potentially useful approach for SCI treatment. A major challenge in NSCs-based transplantation therapy is to increase the rate of survival and neuronal differentiation of grafted NSCs. NT3 is one of the best candidates in stimulating the survival and differentiation of NSCs. However, NT-3 has a short Kinase Inhibitor Library structure half-life and easily diffuses through tissue and cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, maintaining a sufficient concentration of NT-3 at the injury site to elicit an effect is difficult. In the present study, we utilized SF b-sheet formation to immobilize NT-3 within the PCLA scaffolds, in which the bioactivity of NT-3 can be maintained, and its release can be controlled for 8 weeks. We then investigated the effects of NT-3-immobilized scaffolds on the survival and neuronal differentiation of NSCs in vitro and in a rat spinal cord transection model. The results showed that the NT-3-immobilized scaffolds enhanced the survival and neuronal differentiation of NSCs in vitro and 8 weeks after implantation in rats. Functional recovery and regeneration of NF200-positive axons were also promoted. Maintaining the integrity and activity of NT-3 is critical for effective NT-3 delivery. In this study, NT-3 ELISA kits were used to quantify the release of growth factors from the conduits. The release profiles showed that the release of bioactive NT-3 was sustained over 8 weeks. The sustained release is due to the proteolytic degradation of SF coating. The rate of NT-3 release was highest in the first 7 d, and NT-3 release continued at a slower rate for up to wks. This can be ascribed to the inactive of released NT-3 in PBS during the testing interval, and ELISA can only detect the intact NT-3. In the present study, a daily testing interval was initially set, and then the testing interval was changed to weekly. Currently, the development of biomaterials for neural tissue regeneration and stem cell implantation is a prominent research focus in regenerative medicine. SF has been shown to have excellent biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo, and a slow biodegradation rate. The crystal structure of SF is composed of hydrophilic domains and hydrophobic domains. Hydrophobic blocks make up the crystalline regions of SF due to their ability to form intermolecular b-sheets.